Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pinboard.in links:

  • [1109.5664] Deterministic Feature Selection for $k$-means Clustering

    "We study feature selection for $k$-means clustering. Although the literature contains many methods with good empirical performance, algorithms with provable theoretical behavior have only recently been developed. Unfortunately, these algorithms are randomized and fail with, say, a constant probability. We address this issue by presenting a emph{deterministic} feature selection algorithm for $k$-means with theoretical guarantees. At the heart of our algorithm lies a deterministic method for decompositions of the identity."

    clustering statistics algorithms nudge-targets

  • [1110.5190] Constant-factor approximation of domination number in sparse graphs

    "The k-domination number of a graph is the minimum size of a set X such that every vertex of G is in distance at most k from X. We give a linear time constant-factor approximation algorithm for k-domination number in classes of graphs with bounded expansion, which include e.g. proper minor-closed graph classes, classes closed on topological minors or classes of graphs that can be drawn on a fixed surface with bounded number of crossings on each edge.

    The algorithm is based on the following approximate min-max characterization. A subset A of vertices of a graph G is d-independent if the distance between each pair of vertices in A is greater than d. Note that the size of the largest 2k-independent set is a lower bound for the k-domination number. We show that every graph from a fixed class with bounded expansion contains a 2k-independent set A and a k-dominating set D such that |D|=O(|A|), and these sets can be found in linear time. For domination number (k=1) the assumptions can be relaxed, and the result holds for all graph classes with arrangeability bounded by a constant."

    operations-research combinatorics graph-theory algorithms nudge-targets

  • [1112.1945] Approximation Algorithms for Edge Partitioned Vertex Cover Problems

    "In the Partial Vertex Cover (PVC) problem we are given an undirected graph G = (V, E), a positive cost associated with each vertex and a positive integer k and the goal is to find a minimum cost subset of vertices S such that atleast k edges of the graph are covered. In this paper we consider two new generalization of the PVC problem. In the first variation which we call Partition Vertex Cover (Partition-VC) problem, the edges of the graph G are divided into n disjoint partitions $P_1, P_2… P_n$ and we have to select a minimum cost subset of vertices S such that atleast $k_i$ edges are covered from partition $P_i$. In the second variation which we call Knapsack Partition Vertex Cover (KPVC) problem, in addition to the previous conditions, each edge e has a profit $pi_{e}$ associated with it and we have an added knapsack constraint that the total profit of the covered edges in partition $P_i$ should be atleast $Pi_i$. We give an $O(log n)$ approximation for both the problems using a combination of deterministic rounding and randomized rounding approach that operates on the LP strengthened by adding Knapsack Cover inequalities as proposed by Carr, Fleischer, Leung & Phillips. We also show that these bounds can not be further improved by reducing the set cover problem to the Partition-VC problem in polynomial time. We also give an $O(f)$ approximation for the Partition-VC problem using a primal dual schema where f is the maximum number of edges in any partition."

    operations-research graph-theory graph-partitioning linear-programming nudge-targets

  • [1101.3501] Convergence rates of efficient global optimization algorithms

    "Efficient global optimization is the problem of minimizing an unknown function f, using as few evaluations f(x) as possible. It can be considered as a continuum-armed bandit problem, with noiseless data and simple regret. Expected improvement is perhaps the most popular method for solving this problem; the algorithm performs well in experiments, but little is known about its theoretical properties. Implementing expected improvement requires a choice of Gaussian process prior, which determines an associated space of functions, its reproducing-kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). When the prior is fixed, expected improvement is known to converge on the minimum of any function in the RKHS. We begin by providing convergence rates for this procedure. The rates are optimal for functions of low smoothness, and we modify the algorithm to attain optimal rates for smoother functions. For practitioners, however, these results are somewhat misleading. Priors are typically not held fixed, but depend on parameters estimated from the data. For standard estimators, we show this procedure may never discover the minimum of f. We then propose alternative estimators, chosen to minimize the constants in the rate of convergence, and show these estimators retain the convergence rates of a fixed prior."

    optimization operations-research theory-and-practice-sitting-in-a-tree nudge-targets algorithms

  • [1011.1939] Discrete Partitioning and Coverage Control for Gossiping Robots

    "We propose distributed algorithms to automatically deploy a team of mobile robots to partition and provide coverage of a non-convex environment. To handle arbitrary non-convex environments, we represent them as graphs. Our partitioning and coverage algorithm requires only short-range, unreliable pairwise "gossip" communication. The algorithm has two components: (1) a motion protocol to ensure that neighboring robots communicate at least sporadically, and (2) a pairwise partitioning rule to update territory ownership when two robots communicate. By studying an appropriate dynamical system on the space of partitions of the graph vertices, we prove that territory ownership converges to a pairwise-optimal partition in finite time. This new equilibrium set represents improved performance over common Lloyd-type algorithms. Additionally, we detail how our algorithm scales well for large teams in large environments and how the computation can run in anytime with limited resources. Finally, we report on large-scale simulations in complex environments and hardware experiments using the Player/Stage robot control system."

    complexology robotics agent-based computational-geometry nudge-targets voronoi emergent-design

  • [1112.1841] Consistency of multidimensional combinatorial substitutions

    "Multidimensional combinatorial substitutions are rules that replace symbols by finite patterns of symbols in Z^d. We focus on the case where the patterns are not necessarily rectangular, which requires a specific description of the way they are glued together in the image by a substitution. Two problems can arise when defining a substitution in such a way: it can fail to be consistent, and the patterns in an image by the substitution might overlap.

    We prove that it is undecidable whether a two-dimensional substitution is consistent or overlapping, and we provide practical algorithms to decide these properties in some particular cases."

    fractals rewriting-systems mathematical-recreations amusing nudge-targets undecodability

  • [1112.3523] Approximating the Edge Length of 2-Edge Connected Planar Geometric Graphs on a Set of Points

    "Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, we solve the problems of constructing a geometric planar graph spanning $P$ 1) of minimum degree 2, and 2) which is 2-edge connected, respectively, and has max edge length bounded by a factor of 2 times the optimal; we also show that the factor 2 is best possible given appropriate connectivity conditions on the set $P$, respectively. First, we construct in $O(nlog{n})$ time a geometric planar graph of minimum degree 2 and max edge length bounded by 2 times the optimal. This is then used to construct in $O(nlog n)$ time a 2-edge connected geometric planar graph spanning $P$ with max edge length bounded by $sqrt{5}$ times the optimal, assuming that the set $P$ forms a connected Unit Disk Graph. Second, we prove that 2 times the optimal is always sufficient if the set of points forms a 2 edge connected Unit Disk Graph and give an algorithm that runs in $O(n^2)$ time. We also show that for $k in O(sqrt{n})$, there exists a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane such that even though the Unit Disk Graph spanning $P$ is $k$-vertex connected, there is no 2-edge connected geometric planar graph spanning $P$ even if the length of its edges is allowed to be up to 17/16."

    graph-theory geometry algorithms computational-geometry nudge-targets

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pinboard.in links:

  • Nelson’s Weblog: tech / foss4g-2011-trip-report

    "…The rest of this post is a link dump of some of the people and things I saw at the conference. I'm no "curator," just a typist, sorry for the lack of organization."

    geo software-development mapping resources

  • main – katt83project

    collection of scripts and other tools in support of the Distributed Proofreaders workflow

    Distributed-Proofreaders scripting toolkit

  • Presto Chango | Futility Closet

    "It will be observed that this square when turned upside down is still magic."

    mathematical-recreations amusing nudge-targets

  • Ruth Kinna on Guy Aldred | berfrois

    "Guy Aldred is an obscure but important figure in the history of socialist thought. He sometimes crops up in histories of British socialism, syndicalist and labour organisation, but rarely in discussions of socialist theory. His uncompromising commitment to activism perhaps explains this neglect: as Aldred himself argued in a commentary on British anarchism, ideologies are too often shaped by the philosophical reflections of educated elites, leaving the thoughts of working class autodidacts who spend a lifetime standing on street corners, propagandising, ignored. Perhaps, too, his evangelical roots make his work an acquired taste: Aldred writes with moral certainty and conviction that leaves little room for debate. Most biographical accounts suggest that he was not an easy man to get along with and though he did not lack organisational skill, he found co-operation difficult. The pleasure he took in the pun of his name – ‘the man they all dread’ – was indicative of the problem. Yet Aldred’s ideas are compelling and the judgements he made in his early life were consistently revolutionary, libertarian, anarchistic and usually good. Aldred campaigned against marriage and for birth control in support of women’s liberation before the First World War; he encouraged conscientious objection in both world conflicts and publicised the vindictive abuse that COs suffered for taking their stance. In all his early writings, he elevated the struggles of common people – from religious non-conformists to convicts. Drawing on the reports of his comrades, Ethel MacDonald (1909-1960) and Jane (Jenny) Patrick (1884-1971), he supported the 1936 anarchist revolution in Spain [1] and until his later life, he consistently opposed the dogmatism of orthodox Marxism, whether it was expressed in the theoretical pieties of the European social democratic movement or, after the Russian Revolution, in the cold, physical brutality of the Stalinist regime. The passion with which he advanced these causes captures the spirit of an optimistic, utopian, romantic current of socialism whose hopes and ideals, squeezed by social democracy on one side and state socialism on the other, were ultimately disappointed but which remain inspiring."

    anarchism history biography socialism

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pinboard.in links:

  • A VC: Investing In The Cultural Revolution

    "In the middle east, we've seen the power of the Internet in the Arab Spring. I believe we are in for a lot more of that sort of thing and that it will not be limited to repressive governments, but to all large institutions that seek to control people and their free will. This is the cultural revolution that I referred to in my talk with Erick at Disrupt.

    I think investors should be aware of what is coming and seek to invest in it where it is investable. I'm curious what the AVC community thinks of this investment thesis and where we should be looking for opportunities that fit into this thesis."

    disruptive-technology internet investing venture-capital amusing disintermediation-targets startup-culture-must-die

  • Time-saving versus work-inducing software

    "What is the underlying thread? Time-saving software tends to be produced by less civilized people.  Software written by large corporations will probably be work-inducing."

    getting-shit-done efficiency corporations software problem-solving reuse

  • Weighty Matters: Is sodium a dietary red herring for the effects of processed foods?

    "I think there's at least one more possibility:

    3. Sodium's isn't a causal agent of disease but instead given that processed foods are phenomenally high in sodium, is a useful biomarker for the degree of processed foods a person's consuming, and that it's the huge volumes of sugar and pulverized flour (that's more often than not packaged with gobs of sodium) that's actually causal for cardiovascular disease and death."

    healthcare statistics medical-culture consumerism fast-food

  • Why America’s Pissed: Cornel West, Robert Reich and More – The Daily Beast

    "First thing we've got to do is tell the truth. We live in an age where lies are just ubiquitous. The biggest lies are that free markets are self-corrective, that individuals are rich because they're smart, and that somehow America became great because of economic growth as opposed to the moral courage of the citizens of all colors to fight for freedom. We need a democratic awakening. We need organizing, mobilizing. We need to be willing to take a risk to change the world. The Obama moment of hope is over. "

    economic-crisis commentary Cornell-West bankers-should-start-avoiding-lampposts-right-about-now

  • Groklaw – Red Hat Makes History With Patent Settlement – Compatible with GPLv3

    "You know what this means? It means that those who claim the GPL isolates itself from standards bodies' IP pledges are wrong. It *is* possible to come up with language that satisfies the GPL and still acknowledges patents, and this is the proof. That means Microsoft could do it for OOXML if it wanted to. So who is isolating whom? Thank you, Red Hat, for innovating again to protect the FOSS community."

    open-source patents litigation GPL precedent

  • Philip Greenspun’s Weblog » U.S. house buyers are factoring in the risk of a city or state declining?

    "The potential home buyer today has seen pictures of Detroit, with former neighborhoods being gradually reclaimed by Nature or plowed under into farmland. Recognizing that his or her own city could become like that in 20 years time, the buyer will factor that into the price he or she is willing to pay. In the event of a Detroit-style decline, the house becomes worthless and the cost of ownership for 10 years or so effectively tripled (10 years x 5 percent is approximately equal to 50 percent of the home’s value, then add another 100 percent for the cost of throwing the house away). Suppose the buyer thinks that this has a 20 percent probability of happening. Given a typical person’s risk aversion, that might reduce the market-clearing price for a house by 25 percent."

    economics housing-bubble recovery suburbanism sustainability city-planning experiment

  • Falkenblog: High Frequency Trading Paper

    "The point is that in fast moving markets, one needs something a little better than simple historical moving averages of daily closing prices. This is better, and extending the idea of 'volume time' vs. 'chronological time' is an intriguing direction. But one can also look at bid-ask spreads directly, or the VIX futures, or its etf, the VXX, and combinations, to gauge intraday volatility as well. Further, one can better estimate 'buy volume' using the transaction price relative to the then extant bid-ask spread, rather than if the price was weakly increasing, though this then involves syncing the trade information with quote information, and for academics such data are often hard to come by (further, quote information is often 10 times as large)."

    learning-from-data financial-engineering trading analytics nudge-targets

  • Nanolaw with Daughter (Ftrain.com)

    "My daughter was first sued in the womb. It was all very new then. I'd posted ultrasound scans online for friends and family. I didn't know the scans had steganographic thumbprints. A giant electronics company that made ultrasound machines acquired a speculative law firm for many tens of millions of dollars. The new legal division cut a deal with all five Big Socials to dig out contact information for anyone who'd posted pictures of their babies in-utero. It turns out the ultrasounds had no clear rights story; I didn't actually own mine. It sounds stupid now but we didn't know. The first backsuits named millions of people, and the Big Socials just caved, ripped up their privacy policies in exchange for a cut. So five months after I posted the ultrasounds, one month before my daughter was born, we received a letter (back then a paper letter) naming myself, my wife, and one or more unidentified fetal defendants in a suit. We faced, I learned, unspecified penalties for copyright violation and theft of trade secrets, and risked, it was implied, that my daughter would be born bankrupt."

    copyright fiction lawsuits read-this

  • Did UCSD breach professor’s academic freedom? – SignOnSanDiego.com

    "The same month Elman wrote Biernacki a letter ordering him not to publish his work or discuss it at professional meetings. Doing so, Elman wrote, could result in "written censure, reduction in salary, demotion, suspension or dismissal."

    Elman did not respond to a request for comment. But his concern, according to his letter to Biernacki, was that Biernacki’s research and manuscript "may damage the reputation of a colleague and therefore may be considered harassment."

    The Academic Senate’s Representative Assembly voted overwhelmingly Tuesday in favor of a resolution decrying the situation after hearing a detailed and strongly worded report from its Committee on Academic Freedom."

    academic-culture politics wait-how-many-cultures-do-we-have-now-five-or-what

  • Paul Graham Offers Some Numbers on the Success of Y Combinator’s Startups

    "Graham notes that funding, while easy to measure, isn't necessarily the best way to gauge the success of the program's startups. "Getting funded is not success. It's just something that makes success more likely." But if the standard measurement for success is value, and if value is measured by exits, then the 6 years of YC's existence isn't quite long enough to adequately assess this. Of the 300-plus startups, "just" 25 YC companies have been acquired, 5 of them for over $10 million, and Graham says that he's estimated the values of the rest of the companies based on these acquisition figures in order to gauge that the average value of companies Y Combinator has funded to be roughly $22 million.

    But coming up with an adequate measurement for success isn't really the point, says Graham. "The real lesson here though is how long it takes to measure performance in this business. We're 6 years in, and we could easily be off by 3x in either direction. Startup outcomes are unpredictable, and the outcomes of their investors doubly so, because it's hard to say whether the big successes are repeatable, or if the investors just got lucky. Even 6 years in, all we can say is that the numbers look encouraging so far.""

    metrics business-culture startups Y-Combinator diversity portfolio-theory-in-practice

  • Doctors are human | The Incidental Economist

    "…But this is America. If you want to have the procedure, so be it. You get to choose. That’s the way we roll.

    My question is, did your doctor recommend it? Did your doctor tell you about this study? Do you think that those who recommend and perform this procedure don’t know about this study, and that if only they had this evidence they’d stop?

    Or, do you think physicians are influenced by biases and their personal beliefs? Me? I think they’re human."

    medical-culture statistics healthcare marketing cognitive-psychology evidence-based

  • Caregivers Using Copyright Law To Shield Themselves From Public Criticism From Patients | ThinkProgress

    "When I walked into the offices of Dr. Ken Cirka, I was looking for cleaner teeth, not material for an Ars Technica story. I needed a new dentist, and Yelp says Dr. Cirka is one of the best in the Philadelphia area. The receptionist handed me a clipboard with forms to fill out. After the usual patient information form, there was a “mutual privacy agreement” that asked me to transfer ownership of any public commentary I might write in the future to Dr. Cirka. Surprised and a little outraged by this, I got into a lengthy discussion with Dr. Cirka’s office manager that ended in me refusing to sign and her showing me the door."

    via:poormojo copyright medical-culture liability complaints lawyers

  • Hey, Remember When Newt Gingrich Was Sponsored By a Human Chip-Implant Company? | BNET

    "The issue of whether Americans should receive subcutaneous wireless RFID chip implants that can link to their electronic medical records emerged again in Wisconsin this week, where former governor and Bush Administration secretary of Health and Human Services Tommy Thompson is considering a run for Senate. Thompson was a former board member of VeriChip, the company that renamed itself PositiveID, and once appeared on CNBC with PositiveID CEO Scott Silverman to advocate that everyone receive a chip from birth…"

    Newt-Gingrich politics woops how's-that-whole-Number-of-the-Beast-thing-going?

  • Irish Steam Trolley — Crooked Timber

    we need these in Ann Arbor

    public-transportation photography nanohistory

  • CultureWorks – Greater Philadelphia

    "Cultural CoWorking: CultureWorks is currently developing Philadelphia's first coworking space specifically for the culture community in Center City. This space will provide networking, peer-to-peer support, technology, and other resources to individual creative workers, start-ups, and small organizations."

    coworking collaboration workantile-exchange

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pinboard.in links: