Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pin​board​.in links:

  • Odlyzko

    “Gulli­bil­ity is the prin­ci­pal cause of bub­bles. Investors and the gen­eral pub­lic get snared by a “beau­ti­ful illu­sion” and throw cau­tion to the wind. Attempts to iden­tify and con­trol bub­bles are com­pli­cated by the fact that the author­i­ties who might nat­u­rally be expected to take action have often (espe­cially in recent years) been among the most gullible, and were cheer­lead­ers for the exu­ber­ant behav­ior. Hence what is needed is an objec­tive mea­sure of gullibility.”

    bub­ble economic-​​crisis eco­nom­ics social-​​dynamics pragmatism-it-ain’t

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pin​board​.in links:

  • Wel­come to Middle-​​Class Poverty— Does Any­body Know the Way Out? — Sara Horowitz — Busi­ness — The Atlantic

    “The short-​​term way to level the play­ing field is to update the New Deal so it includes and addresses the cur­rent work­force. We need to accept that many peo­ple don’t work full-​​time for an employer and that “jobs” no longer mean just W-​​2 employ­ees, as Dou­glas Rushkoff explained. Richard Cass, a self-​​employed tech­ni­cal and busi­ness con­sul­tant and Free­lancers Union mem­ber, also puts it well: “Gov­ern­ment pro­grams that pro­mote small busi­ness gen­er­ally focus on com­pa­nies with scores of employ­ees and mil­lions of dol­lars in annual rev­enue, which is short-​​sighted.” That has imme­di­ate impli­ca­tions for our eco­nomic and job poli­cies. But to really bring a thriv­ing mid­dle class back to life, we need a dra­matic shift in think­ing, insti­tu­tions, and assump­tions. The role of pol­icy should be to fos­ter newer, more self-​​sustaining sys­tems that fol­low this new mutu­al­ist par­a­digm. In the long run, our insti­tu­tions need to move away from regard­ing the office as the cen­ter of a person’s eco­nomic life, from busi­ness as the provider of ben­e­fits, and from gov­ern­ment as the provider of social sup­ports. The mid­dle class does not have to be built by focus­ing on indi­vid­ual wealth. Instead, we can build sta­ble mar­kets and soci­eties where peo­ple make a liv­ing, com­mu­ni­ties flour­ish, and busi­nesses sur­vive — and not at the expense of oth­ers. It’s not utopian — it’s a neces­sity if we want a suc­cess­ful mid­dle class again.”

    cowork­ing free­lancers economic-​​crisis public-​​policy gov­ern­ment rev­o­lu­tion

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pin​board​.in links:

  • Recount­ing the Dead — NYTimes​.com

    “So what? Above a cer­tain count, do the num­bers even mat­ter? Well, yes. The dif­fer­ence between the two esti­mates is large enough to change the way we look at the war. The new esti­mate sug­gests that more men died as a result of the Civil War than from all other Amer­i­can wars com­bined. Approx­i­mately 1 in 10 white men of mil­i­tary age in 1860 died from the con­flict, a sub­stan­tial increase from the 1 in 13 implied by the tra­di­tional esti­mate. The death toll is also one of our most impor­tant mea­sures of the war’s social and eco­nomic costs. A higher death toll, for exam­ple, implies that more women were wid­owed and more chil­dren were orphaned as a result of the war than has long been sus­pected. In other words, the war touched more lives and com­mu­ni­ties more deeply than we thought, and thus shaped the course of the ensu­ing decades of Amer­i­can his­tory in ways we have not yet fully grasped. True, the war was ter­ri­ble in either case. But just how ter­ri­ble, and just how exten­sive its con­se­quences, can only be known when we have a bet­ter count of the Civil War dead.”

    his­tory Civil-​​War morbidity-​​and-​​mortality count­ing
  • Sci­en­tific Amer­i­can Blog Network

    ‘While Adam Smith may be known as the philoso­pher who first pro­moted the idea that “greed is good,” his ear­lier work sug­gests we are not con­demned to exploit oth­ers for the ben­e­fit of a few. In his book The The­ory of Moral Sen­ti­ments, writ­ten in 1759, Smith pro­posed that sym­pa­thy for the plight of those who suf­fer is an inher­ent part of human nature. “When we see one man oppressed or injured by another,” he wrote, “the sym­pa­thy which we feel with the dis­tress of the suf­ferer seems to serve only to ani­mate our fellow-​​feeling with his resent­ment against the offender.” With the cur­rent occu­pa­tion of Wall Street and the inter­na­tional con­dem­na­tion of an eco­nomic model that would take advan­tage of those most in need, we are wit­ness­ing Smith’s pre­dic­tion in action. It is only when the real­ity of people’s suf­fer­ing is hid­den that greed is allowed to dic­tate pol­icy. While our cur­rent sys­tem has cho­sen the greed of the few over the needs of the many, the intel­lec­tual founder of mod­ern cap­i­tal­ism sug­gests it doesn’t need to be this way. “When we think of the anguish of the suf­fer­ers, we take part with them more earnestly against their oppressors.”’

    eco­nom­ics economic-​​crisis com­plex­ol­ogy cultural-​​dynamics
  • Guyot’s spec­i­man sheet | The Collation

    “So who was respon­si­ble and when is it from? Since the sheet is nei­ther signed nor dated, we can only make this asser­tion thanks to the sleuthing done by ear­lier schol­ars, most impor­tantly by John Drey­fus for his col­lec­tion of type spec­i­men fac­sim­i­les, and the source of much of the infor­ma­tion I give here.1 This sheet can be con­nected to its type caster thanks to the detailed records kept by the Dutch printer Christophe Plan­tin and the remark­able longevity of his press, now the home of the Plantin-​​Moretus Museum. Plantin’s 1575 inven­tory of fonts includes the dou­ble pica italic type­face shown on this sheet (it’s the largest size of the italic face, on the right-​​hand col­umn), with a note on the fac­ing page iden­ti­fy­ing it as “Ascen­don­ica Cur­sive de Guiot.” François Guyot was a type caster in Antwerp who worked from the 1540s until his death in 1570, and who was the main caster for Plan­tin from 1555 onwards; he also seems to have worked briefly for John Day in London.”

    nanohis­tory typog­ra­phy type-​​design early-​​modern
  • Thought You Should See This — Dis­rupt­ing the Con­fer­ence Business

    In other words, a stan­dard Open Space: “Essen­tially, it’ll be Wur­man and 100 of his pals (and as he so elo­quently put it, “I know fuck­ing every­body”) talk­ing about a par­tic­u­lar topic for a cer­tain amount of time. The “intel­lec­tual jazz” will be filmed in black and white, and then later released as an inter­ac­tive app. ”I’m ter­ri­fied,” said a coy Wur­man, look­ing absolutely noth­ing of the sort. ”I don’t know if I can pull it off.” And while a gath­er­ing of 100 big­wigs in some ways sounds like the worst kind of elit­ist hor­ror show, I actu­ally found myself root­ing for him. I mean, the world needs con­trar­i­ans, and Wur­man sure is one of them.”

    con­fer­ence non-​​fake-​​Wurman TED meet­ing ideas
  • nth­most » Blog Archive » Why The Inter­state Bat­tery War­ranty is Worthless

    “We Can’t Afford to Just Be Con­sumers Any­more In the clas­si­cal model of eco­nom­ics, a self-​​interested con­sumer like Josh would read­ily accept Interstate’s offer, see­ing no down­side. But Josh is part of a new class of con­sumers who under­stand the idea of “vot­ing with your dol­lar”, and it goes well beyond which brand of toi­let paper you bring to the check­out line. There are sev­eral imme­di­ate down­sides to the “res­o­lu­tion” Inter­state brought to the table: Fire­stone would be rewarded for their ridicu­lous 2-​​hour-​​minimum pol­icy to change the bat­tery. Inter­state would con­tinue to be unable to enforce their war­ranty. The cus­tomer (Josh) would have no rea­son to believe he’d be able to get a new bat­tery in the future with­out all of the non­sense implied by the res­o­lu­tion — namely, pay­ing for the 2 hours of labor him­self and then secur­ing reim­burse­ment from Inter­state. Josh looked at the options and decided not to enable the ven­dors in their bul­ly­ing of Inter­state, and not to encour­age Inter­state to bend over for them. And he real­ized his time in chas­ing down his due was worth more than the value of the prod­uct in question.”

    eco­nom­ics consumer-​​activism lawyers war­ranty object-​​lessons-​​in-​​contract-​​law

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pin​board​.in links:

Items of some interest…

These are my recent Pin​board​.in links:

  • [1106.4577] Inter­ac­tive Exe­cu­tion Mon­i­tor­ing of Agent Teams

    “There is an increas­ing need for auto­mated sup­port for humans mon­i­tor­ing the activ­ity of dis­trib­uted teams of coop­er­at­ing agents, both human and machine. We char­ac­ter­ize the domain-​​independent chal­lenges posed by this prob­lem, and describe how prop­er­ties of domains influ­ence the chal­lenges and their solu­tions. We will con­cen­trate on dynamic, data-​​rich domains where humans are ulti­mately respon­si­ble for team behav­ior. Thus, the auto­mated aid should inter­ac­tively sup­port effec­tive and timely deci­sion mak­ing by the human. We present a domain-​​independent cat­e­go­riza­tion of the types of alerts a plan-​​based mon­i­tor­ing sys­tem might issue to a user, where each type gen­er­ally requires dif­fer­ent mon­i­tor­ing tech­niques. We describe a mon­i­tor­ing frame­work for inte­grat­ing many domain-​​specific and task-​​specific mon­i­tor­ing tech­niques and then using the con­cept of value of an alert to avoid oper­a­tor over­load. We use this frame­work to describe an exe­cu­tion mon­i­tor­ing approach we have used to imple­ment Exe­cu­tion Assis­tants (EAs) in two dif­fer­ent dynamic, data-​​rich, real-​​world domains to assist a human in mon­i­tor­ing team behav­ior. One domain (Army small unit oper­a­tions) has hun­dreds of mobile, geo­graph­i­cally dis­trib­uted agents, a com­bi­na­tion of humans, robots, and vehi­cles. The other domain (teams of unmanned ground and air vehi­cles) has a hand­ful of coop­er­at­ing robots. Both domains involve unpre­dictable adver­saries in the vicin­ity. Our approach cus­tomizes mon­i­tor­ing behav­ior for each spe­cific task, plan, and sit­u­a­tion, as well as for user pref­er­ences. Our EAs alert the human con­troller when reported events threaten plan exe­cu­tion or phys­i­cally threaten team mem­bers. Alerts were gen­er­ated in a timely man­ner with­out inun­dat­ing the user with too many alerts (less than 10 per­cent of alerts are unwanted, as judged by domain experts).”

    emergent-​​design multi-​​agent-​​systems engineering-​​design con­trol coor­di­na­tion nudge-​​targets
  • [1107.1322] Text Clas­si­fi­ca­tion: A Sequen­tial Read­ing Approach

    “We pro­pose to model the text clas­si­fi­ca­tion process as a sequen­tial deci­sion process. In this process, an agent learns to clas­sify doc­u­ments into top­ics while read­ing the doc­u­ment sen­tences sequen­tially and learns to stop as soon as enough infor­ma­tion was read for decid­ing. The pro­posed algo­rithm is based on a mod­eli­sa­tion of Text Clas­si­fi­ca­tion as a Markov Deci­sion Process and learns by using Rein­force­ment Learn­ing. Exper­i­ments on four dif­fer­ent clas­si­cal mono-​​label cor­pora show that the pro­posed approach per­forms com­pa­ra­bly to clas­si­cal SVM approaches for large train­ing sets, and bet­ter for small train­ing sets. In addi­tion, the model auto­mat­i­cally adapts its read­ing process to the quan­tity of train­ing infor­ma­tion provided.”

    text-​​classification natural-​​language-​​processing machine-​​learning nudge-​​targets
  • [1011.0362] Opti­miza­tion of arti­fi­cial flock­ings by means of anisotropy measurements

    “An effec­tive pro­ce­dure to deter­mine the opti­mal para­me­ters appear­ing in arti­fi­cial flock­ings is pro­posed in terms of opti­miza­tion prob­lems. We numer­i­cally exam­ine genetic algo­rithms (GAs) to deter­mine the opti­mal set of para­me­ters such as the weights for three essen­tial inter­ac­tions in BOIDS by Reynolds (1987) under ‘zero-​​collision’ and ‘no-​​breaking-​​up’ con­straints. As a fit­ness func­tion (the energy func­tion) to be max­i­mized by the GA, we choose the so-​​called the $gamma$-value of anisotropy which can be observed empir­i­cally in typ­i­cal flocks of star­ling. We con­firm that the GA suc­cess­fully finds the solu­tion hav­ing a large $gamma$-value leading-​​up to a strong anisotropy. The numer­i­cal expe­ri­ence shows that the pro­ce­dure might enable us to make more real­is­tic and effi­cient arti­fi­cial flock­ing of star­ling even in our per­sonal com­put­ers. We also eval­u­ate two dis­tinct types of inter­ac­tions in agents, namely, met­ric and topo­log­i­cal def­i­n­i­tions of inter­ac­tions. We con­firmed that the topo­log­i­cal def­i­n­i­tion can explain the empir­i­cal evi­dence much bet­ter than the met­ric def­i­n­i­tion does.”

    artificial-​​life network-​​theory sim­u­la­tion boids opti­miza­tion nudge-​​targets
  • [1106.5316] Online Cake Cut­ting (pub­lished version)

    “We pro­pose an online form of the cake cut­ting prob­lem. This mod­els sit­u­a­tions where agents arrive and depart dur­ing the process of divid­ing a resource. We show that well known fair divi­sion pro­ce­dures like cut-​​and-​​choose and the Dubins-​​Spanier mov­ing knife pro­ce­dure can be adapted to apply to such online prob­lems. We pro­pose some fair­ness prop­er­ties that online cake cut­ting pro­ce­dures can pos­sess like online forms of pro­por­tion­al­ity and envy-​​freeness. We also con­sider the impact of col­lu­sion between agents. Finally, we study the­o­ret­i­cally and empir­i­cally the com­pet­i­tive ratio of these online cake cut­ting pro­ce­dures. Based on its resis­tance to col­lu­sion, and its good per­for­mance in prac­tice, our results favour the online ver­sion of the cut-​​and-​​choose pro­ce­dure over the online ver­sion of the mov­ing knife procedure.”

    game-​​theory economic-​​crisis decision-​​making fair­ness nudge-​​targets